In dentistry, the term prosthesis refers to the replacement of teeth and surrounding tissues lost for various reasons with artificial restorations. The branch of science dealing with the subject is called Prosthodontics, and dentists who have completed their doctorate or specialty education in the field of prosthodontics are called Prosthodontists.
With prosthodontic treatment, the patient's lost function (chewing), speech and aesthetic losses are restored to the patient, while the psychological problems that develop due to tooth and tissue loss are eliminated with prostheses. One of the most important goals of prosthetic treatment is to protect the health and integrity of the remaining teeth and tissues.
Prosthodontic treatment provides a wide range of services depending on the amount of teeth and tissue lost and the patient's expectations.
Prosthesis Types
- Fixed Prostheses
- Removable Prostheses
- Implant Prostheses
- Maxillofacial Prostheses
- Fixed Prostheses
They are called crown and bridge prostheses. They are prostheses that cannot be removed by the patient.
Crown Prosthesis
After the restoration of cases with insufficient dental tissue support, implants are used as a superstructure by covering the tooth that is reduced in size for reasons such as correction of form and discolored teeth.
Bridge Prosthesis
In cases where one or more teeth are missing, they are prostheses made by reducing the teeth next to the area where the gap is located and using them as support.
Restorations without Metal Support
Today, the increase in aesthetic expectations has increased the use of restorations in which metal alloys are not used in the substructure. They are frequently used due to their good biological compatibility and superior aesthetic properties.
Empress Crowns
Instead of prosthetic metal substructure, empress cores with good biological compatibility and very good aesthetic properties that reflect light like natural teeth are used.
Zirconium Restorations
Zirconium oxide has high resistance. Porcelains with zirconium oxide substructure do not cause gum problems and allergies, and have aesthetics and durability close to natural teeth thanks to their light transmittance.
Laminate Restorations
In the presence of color, shape and size defects in the teeth, they are restorations applied by bonding leaf-shaped porcelain as a result of some abrasion of only the front surfaces of the teeth.
Removable Prostheses
Full Dentures
These are the tissue-supported prostheses applied to patients who have no teeth in their mouth.
Partial Dentures
These are prostheses made by taking support from both teeth and tissues in the presence of females who cannot support fixed prosthesis in their mouths. They are inserted and removed by the patient. Precision Retained Prostheses are made in cases where it is thought that the crochet arms will adversely affect the aesthetics. There are many types of precision connection.
Implant Prostheses
These are prostheses made with the support of implants instead of natural teeth.
Fixed Implant Prostheses
They are single member or bridge restorations supported by one or more implants. The substructure can be metal alloy or ceramic.
Removable Implant Prostheses
They are prostheses supported by both implants and tissues supported by 2, 3 or 4 implants.
Semi-Movable (Hybrid Prostheses)
It is a type of prosthesis that cannot be removed by the patient and can be removed by the physician when necessary.
Maxillofacial Prostheses
These are prostheses made to provide aesthetics and function in large defects caused by tumor surgery, congenital anamolies, trauma, etc.
